Billions Flow Into Critical Minerals as West Races to Reduce Supply Risk
Critical minerals have moved from a specialty corner of the commodity market to the center of industrial policy. Western governments are committing tens of billions of dollars to secure domestic supplies of rare earth elements, niobium, scandium, and other materials considered essential to defense, energy, and advanced manufacturing applications. Approximately 92% of global rare earth processing capacity currently resides in China, and the U.S. Geological Survey's Final 2025 Critical Minerals List placed niobium in its top 10 by economic risk to the U.S.The policy response has ...
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