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Shares of Novavax (NVAX) rose more than 5% in pre-market trading on Wednesday, as investors welcomed a first-quarter earnings beat powered by a sharp surge in the high-margin licensing and royalty revenue, which more than doubled from a year earlier.
Total revenue for the first quarter (Q1) of 2026 fell to $140 million, but came above analysts’ estimates of roughly $81 million, according to Fiscal.ai. Revenue last year was heavily driven by a $603 million in non-cash revenue from closing out two advance purchase agreements for its Nuvaxovid COVID-19 vaccine.
Q1 net loss came in at $9 million, or a loss of $0.06 per share, significantly narrower than the 0.23 per share estimate.
The company is increasingly leaning on partnerships and licensing agreements tied to its vaccine technology to fuel growth.
In January, Novavax secured $30 million upfront from Pfizer (PFE) upon licensing its Matrix-M adjuvant, with the potential for up to an additional $500 million in development and sales milestones. Novavax also stands to earn mid- to high-single-digit royalties on future product sales using the technology.
The firm’s strategy is gaining strong traction as its partners begin exploring applications across more than half of the global vaccine and immunotherapy market, which is expected to exceed $100 billion by the early 2030s.
Overall, its licensing, royalties, and other revenue rose to $97 million in Q1, up from $45 million a year earlier.
Last month, activist investor Shah Capital pushed for changes at the vaccine maker, calling on management to cut expenses and consider buying back 10-20 million shares.
The company said it is already working to lower costs, aiming for about $325 million in combined research and administrative spending in 2026, and around $225 million in 2027.
Retail sentiment for NVAX turned ‘extremely bullish’ from ‘neutral’ a day earlier, amid ‘high’ message volumes.
One user highlighted the company’s strong IP and its potential to boost an acquisition.
Another user said, “It’s the only thing that matters,” highlighting a headline talking about the company’s strength in vaccine deals.
The stock has gained 20% so far this year.
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