$MAIA Been digging into the company’s trial and market a lot and the setup looks better the deeper I go. As a long term investor, I personally do not care what the share price looks like in the short term. I add every week, whether it’s higher or lower. It doesn’t sit in the bigger picture. I am strictly going to give my thoughts on the data/trial and the companies market. To me, everything else is moot and a red herring.
The basics on (THIO104) - a P3 3L trial, so two prior lines including immunotherapy and platinum chemo, and patients need acquired resistance to their prior checkpoint inhibitor, meaning primary non responders are out. The control arm is investigators choice of docetaxel, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine, but docetaxel is only allowed if the patient hasnt had it, and most 3L patients already got it in 2L. The bulk control is mostly the weaker agents, which I’d pin at 75%. Supporting literature and specifically ATALANTE1, which had a similar acquired resistance population on docetaxel or pemetrexed, came in at 7.5 months, real world post IO taxane data is around 7.3, and 3L vinorelbine after IO lands around 6.5 to 8. Ive got the control group around 7.3 months.
On our side, THIO101 showed a 17.8 mOS in 3L with a 5.6-month PFS, and that was in a population that included primary non responders and some fourth line patients, so arguably tougher than THIO104. The 8 patients on the Phase 3 dose had a 5.5-month PFS with 75% alive at 6 months (stack some curves/napkin math on that gets you a 15 mOS), and Part C put up a replicated 90.5% disease control rate in an all docetaxel exposed group. When most patients arent progressing early and PFS is roughly double what the vinorelbine and gemcitabine patients typically get, fewer people drop off treatment early, more stay on long enough for the immune priming to actually work, and you get less premature dropout with cleaner survival data.
Crossover shouldnt be much of a worry. THIO isnt available outside of trials, sponsors running an OS trial with an unapproved drug rarely allow control patients to switch over, and after failing 3L chemo there are very few effective options left, so the control arms survival shouldnt get inflated by later treatments the way it did in some earlier NSCLC trials.
The mechanism will certainly help our arm with the curve shape too. THIO hits telomeres and kills cancer cells within days, then the checkpoint inhibitor comes in on primed immune cells. Fast direct kill should separate the curves early, which is what you want with a 131 event interim, and the immune piece should drive a long term survival tail for the final. Very bullish for interim and FA. With the chemo arm progressing around the 3 month mark, Id expect separation early rather than late, which is what shapes the true HR in an unweighted log rank cox HR SAP (very likely). My estimate is 14 to 17 months for the THIO arm vs about 7-8 for control, so an HR around .50 depending on survival curves, and the trial would have to fall to roughly 9.5 months before it actually misses stat sig. Lots of cushion there. The margin of safety is massive.
Between the tiny 70m market cap, weak control arm, the acquired resistance enrichment, replicated disease control, and steady insider buying, I like the risk/reward a lot here. Contingent on the upcoming Phase 2C data we receive in the coming months, I’d assign an 83% chance we meet statistical significance at final analysis.
On the 3L market, expansion, and Telomerase positive cancer types - Let’s start with the base case MAIA is building toward. Some people on here say the # isn’t 50k, while others stand behind it and claim it is. For now, I’m going to go off of MAIA’s investor deck slides and what they’ve put in front is us. You can adjust the math accordingly based on what you think the true addressable population is. At MAIA’s claimed 50,000 US addressable patients a year who are resistant to CI’s/chemo agents and $150,000 per patient, the theoretical 3L US market is $7.5 billion annually. As there are no approved therapies or SOC in 3L, penetration will run high if the spread sheets look good. At a hypothetical 50% share, thats roughly 3.7b in peak sales. At 65%, which is relatively plausible here for an OS winner against single agent chemo with nothing better, it’s about $4.8b. The precedent is that the FDA grants labeling flexibility in a market with no SOC/high unmet need, so the 50-65% penetration is very realistic, especially with a .50 HR. I temper my expectations to 45-50%, although the 65-70% is certainly a possibility if stars align, which is rare but possible in biotech.
The margin profile is strong. THIO is a small molecule nucleoside analog, a modified version of a DNA building block made through standard chemical synthesis, so it doesnt need the expensive living cell manufacturing that antibodies and ADCs require. Its also given at low doses for only three days per 21 day cycle, so the amount of drug per patient is tiny relative to a price around $150,000, which pushes the cost of goods down to roughly 1% of revenue. At 1% COGS, gross margin is essentially 99%. Even if the real number lands at 3-5%, which is more typical for a small molecule, it’s still exceptionally high. The cemiplimab component is billed separately by Regeneron, so THIO keeps its own economics. The real costs are commercial, being a US oncology launch runs a few hundred million dollars a year in sales force, medical affairs, and market access. At 4b in sales, operating margins of 65% are realistic, which is exactly why big pharma would rather buy this than compete with it. Once again, if you disagree, tailor your expectations accordingly based on what you believe the margins and pricing are.
Second line is where the market roughly doubles. Most 1L patients now get chemo and immunotherapy together, so when they progress they already have the same resistance profile THIO104 is enrolling, just one line earlier. Some 2L use could come quickly through label wording or NCCN guideline listing, but a broad 2L label would need a confirmatory trial. Docetaxel only control makes for a tougher comparator than THIO104 faces, with a control median of 10-12 months instead of about 7. If THIO104 hits with an HR around 0.5, Id put the odds of a successful 2L trial at roughly 70%. The effect would likely shrink against a stronger control with biology carrying over. A lucky 2L label could add another 1b in peak US sales, while an AA could win another $1-3 billion in peak sales on top of that, since patients would be on therapy longer.
Then theres the a bigger piece we’re all invested for - the telomerase story. Roughly 85% of cancers reactivate telomerase, which is the theoretical ceiling for the platform. The near term pieces are the investigator run HCC trial at UT Southwestern, testing THIO plus cadonilimab against cadonilimab alone before surgery, and MAIAs preclinical work in other telo positive cancer types, including second generation telomere targeting molecules. Their real value is strategic. Each positive readout in another tumor type turns the 85% statistic from theory into evidence, and thats what moves an acquirer from paying for a single NSCLC drug to paying for a platform. If THIO104 seems a success, pharma will certainly price in the pan cancer optionality to a fair extent.
I believe this story will end similar to Apogee and the company will be purchased after a P3 success. What number is that? I really don’t know. If I had to pin a certain scenario/number on a buyout, I’d assume a couple of bidders would be desperate for the TAM/optionality, and the price would land around 13b with a .5 HR.
NFA. Conduct your own DD.